Ubuntu Server 20.04.4 LTS 安装与更新（详细图解）

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo timedatectl status
[sudo] password for ubuntu:
               Local time: Fri 2022-03-18 17:51:25 UTC
           Universal time: Fri 2022-03-18 17:51:25 UTC
                 RTC time: Fri 2022-03-18 17:51:24
                Time zone: Etc/UTC (UTC, +0000)
System clock synchronized: yes
              NTP service: active
          RTC in local TZ: no
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo timedatectl set-timezone "Asia/Shanghai"
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo timedatectl status
               Local time: Sat 2022-03-19 01:54:24 CST
           Universal time: Fri 2022-03-18 17:54:24 UTC
                 RTC time: Fri 2022-03-18 17:54:23
                Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800)
System clock synchronized: yes
              NTP service: active
          RTC in local TZ: no

2、更新系统及补丁：sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade
Hit:1 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu focal InRelease
Hit:2 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu focal-updates InRelease
Hit:3 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu focal-backports InRelease
Hit:4 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu focal-security InRelease
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
12 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required:
  libfwupdplugin1
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove it.
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libfwupdplugin5 libmbim-glib4 libmbim-proxy libmm-glib0 libqmi-glib5 libqmi-proxy modemmanager usb-modeswitch
  usb-modeswitch-data
The following packages will be upgraded:
  alsa-ucm-conf command-not-found fwupd fwupd-signed libfwupd2 libjcat1 libnetplan0 netplan.io open-vm-tools
  python3-commandnotfound rsync sosreport
12 upgraded, 9 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 6,042 kB of archives.
After this operation, 12.2 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 rsync amd64 3.1.3-8ubuntu0.2 [318 kB]
Get:2 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu focal-updates/universe amd64 open-vm-tools amd64 2:11.3.0-2ubuntu0~ubuntu20.04.2 [647 kB]
Get:3 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libnetplan0 amd64 0.103-0ubuntu5~20.04.6 [53.4 kB]
Get:4 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 netplan.io amd64 0.103-0ubuntu5~20.04.6 [125 kB]
Get:5 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 command-not-found all 20.04.6 [5,264 B]
......此处省略......
Get:18 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 modemmanager amd64 1.16.6-2~20.04.1 [824 kB]
Get:19 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 sosreport amd64 4.3-1ubuntu0.20.04.1 [294 kB]
Get:20 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 usb-modeswitch-data all 20191128-3 [32.3 kB]
Get:21 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 usb-modeswitch amd64 2.5.2+repack0-2ubuntu3 [53.1 kB]
Fetched 6,042 kB in 16s (383 kB/s)
(Reading database ... 71804 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../00-rsync_3.1.3-8ubuntu0.2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking rsync (3.1.3-8ubuntu0.2) over (3.1.3-8ubuntu0.1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../01-open-vm-tools_2%3a11.3.0-2ubuntu0~ubuntu20.04.2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking open-vm-tools (2:11.3.0-2ubuntu0~ubuntu20.04.2) over (2:11.0.5-4) ...
Preparing to unpack .../02-libnetplan0_0.103-0ubuntu5~20.04.6_amd64.deb ...
......此处省略......
fwupd-refresh.service is a disabled or a static unit not running, not starting it.
fwupd.service is a disabled or a static unit not running, not starting it.
Processing triggers for systemd (245.4-4ubuntu3.15) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ...
Processing triggers for dbus (1.12.16-2ubuntu2.1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.31-0ubuntu9.7) ...